![]() ![]() But how useful is such an extremely reductionist model? In the present study, we report measurements on a range of duck breeds as example unspecialized, non-planar, crouch-limbed walkers and contrast these findings with previous measurements on humans, using the theoretical framework of compass gait walking. At its simplest, this forms a `compass gait' walker, which has a maximum walking speed constrained by simple mechanics: walk too fast, or with too high a step length, and gravity fails to keep the stance foot attached to the floor. Bipedal walking may be viewed as a vaulting gait, with the centre of mass (CoM) passing over a stiff stance leg (an `inverted pendulum'), while the swing leg swings forward (as a pendulum). ![]() However, the motions of the body and legs can be reduced to a few mechanical principles, which, if valid,impose simple physics-based limits to walking speed. The constraints to maximum walking speed and the underlying cause of the walkârun transition remains controversial. ![]()
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